The reaction mechanism typically involves the adsorption of formaldehyde onto the surface of MnO₂, followed by oxidation through redox cycles involving Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺. This reaction pathway allows MnO₂ to serve as an efficient catalyst for removing harmful formaldehyde from air or other environments.

Overall reaction for the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde using MnO₂ can be simplified as follows:

HCHO + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

This process is employed in air purification systems to mitigate the toxic effects of formaldehyde exposure.

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